Crisis upon a crisis: COVID-19 and the education emergency
Zoe Cohen is the Secretariat Coordinator of the International
Parliamentary Network for Education (IPNEd), the first global
parliamentary network dedicated to education. IPNEd seeks to grow
and deepen political understanding of and commitment to inclusive
and equitable quality education for all.
In mid-April 2020, 1.6 billion children and young people found their
education disrupted. The spread of the COVID-19 pandemic forced
schools and education institutions across the world to close, leaving
learners in over 190 countries to contend with severe interruptions to
their education.
As countries across the world have implemented pandemic-response
strategies, the return to, or continued closure of, schools has remained
contentious. The International Parliamentary Network for Education
(IPNEd) has been supporting MPs to navigate the implications of
COVID-19 for education. Whilst there is no zero-risk strategy for the
reopening of schools, a lot can be done to ensure they are safe places
to learn.
In Argentina, IPNEd member Diputada Brenda Lis Austin has led a
powerful campaign for the return of face-to-face teaching 1, and on
17 February 2021 children from five of Argentina’s regional districts
began to return to school for the first time in almost a year 2. In some
countries, school reopening was strongly prioritised in government
response plans. Sierra Leone, for example, supported by learnings
from the 2014 Ebola outbreak, authorised the reopening of all schools
by 5 October 2020 3.
However, for millions of children, the reopening of schools does not
mean a return to learning. Prior to the outbreak of COVID-19, 258
million children and young people were already out of school 4.
Characteristics including gender, disability and ethnicity have played
a significant role in children’s likelihood to attend and remain in
school. Moreover, 330 million children were in school but not learning
the basics 5.
Children affected by displacement, crises and emergencies face
additional and protracted obstacles to education. In 2019, over half of
all school-age refugee children were out of school 6.
Projections have found that the pandemic will substantially increase
the number of children out of school for the first time in decades. The
Malala Fund has estimated that half of refugee girls in secondary
school will not return to school due to COVID-19 7.
For most children around the world, COVID-19 presented an
unprecedented education emergency. For refugee and crisis-affected
children, disrupted learning is commonplace. For these children,
COVID-19 is a crisis upon a crisis.
Although the global recovery from the pandemic remains
unpredictable, education responses must build on lessons from
COVID-19 to strengthen education system resilience, implement
learner-centred remedial programmes, and retain a focus on the
children left furthest behind.
International support for and investment in Education Cannot Wait,
the only global fund dedicated to education in emergencies and
protracted crises, will also be crucial to securing an equitable return
to learning.
Political leadership at each of the national, regional and international
levels will be vital to ensuring a sustainable recovery from COVID-19.
IPNEd is supporting parliamentarians to champion education,
reaching across political divides, regions and the world. In the National
Assembly of Pakistan, for example, IPNEd Regional Representative for
Asia, MNA Mehnaz Akber Aziz, has been working with her colleagues
to advocate for the prioritisation of education and the furthest behind
in the COVID-recovery.
In a post-COVID world, the political will to ensure children can access
learning must be redoubled.
For marginalised children, and particularly those affected by crises
and emergencies, COVID-19 has not created an education emergency,
it has exacerbated a pre-existing one.
IPNEd is working with MPs to ensure that as the world recovers from
the global health crisis, the education emergency is not forgotten.
With less than a decade left to achieve SDG 4, a generation of children
may never return to school. The international community must come
together and redouble our commitment to ensuring the return to
school and learning truly is, for all.
1
twitter.com/brendalisaustin/status/1359294032376180738?s=20
2
batimes.com.ar/news/argentina/schools-in-argentina-finally-re-open-doors-for-students.phtml
3
snradio.net/ministry-of-basic-education-issues-official-school-re-opening-guidelines/
4
uis.unesco.org/en/topic/out-school-children-and-youth
5
report.educationcommission.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/Learning_Generation_Full_
Report.pdf
6
www.unhcr.org/steppingup/wp-content/uploads/sites/76/2019/09/Education-Report-2019-
Final-web-9.pdf
7
www.globalpartnership.org/blog/displacement-girls-education-and-covid-19
Article from Engage issue 22.
BY ZOE COHEN • July 9, 2021
How a simple act of practical solidarity is transforming the journey to school in The Gambia’s Central River Region North Policies have been written. Schools have been built. Yet for many children in The Gambia’s Central River Region North, access to education is still measured in kilometres, not opportunity.
‘In a single hour vast tracts of shaded woodland became a jumble of torn trees and upturned soil, exposed to the glare of the summer sun. Such land-clearing events are rare, but forests exhibit remarkable resilience in the face of disaster. I’m told that the Chinese character for ‘catastrophe’ is the same as that which represents the word ‘opportunity’. And, the blowdown, while catastrophic, presented opportunities for many species.’ (Wall Kimmerer, 2003: 89). In the context of a volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous world (Stein, 2021) what kinds of education for hope might support children’s and young people’s critical engagement in local and global issues? In the spirit of exploring the possibilities of hope further, this short article focuses on the area of global citizenship and sustainabilityrelated education. It will briefly open by sharing commonalities across pedagogical approaches that take up the concept and act of hope more critically, and close by offering reflective questions for educators, with suggestions for further reading. Perhaps it is a kind of hope that is grounded in the present, in future reimagining(s), in ethical solidarity, and an acknowledgement of our deep entanglement with the living metabolism of planet earth 1 our singular home (UNESCO, 2021); a hope that engages with complex root causes and lived realities of multiple overlapping crises in critically reflexive and contextually relevant ways. As McCloskey notes, ‘Hope can fire our collective imagination and critical consciousness as a mainspring to activism and intervention in the world.’ (2025: 3). Commonalities across critical pedagogical approaches to hope include: Acknowledging the context of a ‘seamless single story of progress, development and human evolution’ (Andreotti, V.D.O., 2021b Relating to social and ecological justice and the wellbeing of people and planet Using participatory, action-orientated and inquiry-based learning processes Exploring diverse worldviews and perspectives Practising grounding in the present with opening up possibilities for change (relational, embodied, response-able 2 ) Experiencing ‘struggle’ in different forms (dialogical, selfreflexive, open-ended) Engaging individual and collective agency, action and activism Looking for lifelong and life-wide learning and unlearning. 1 See ‘Co-sensing with Radical Tenderness’, in Machado de Oliveira Andreotti. 2021a 2 See ‘Crossing Borders’ in 2 Depth Education “Depth Education and the Possibility of GCE Otherwise, 2021b. Source: Andreotti, V. 2021a & 2021b., Atif, A. (2025)., Bourn, D. 2021., Bryan. A. and Mochizuki,Y., 2024., Giroux, H.A. 2025., Meade, E. 2025. Whilst engaging in the concept and act of hope more critically reflect upon: What kinds of education for hope might you explore further and why? How might you provide generative spaces for engaging in diverse worldviews and perspectives? In what ways can you facilitate individual and collective agency? How might you support learners’ practice grounding in the present in order to relate differently? In what ways can you support learners in navigating complex root causes and lived realities of local and global issues? As Chief Ninawa Hini Kui affirms, ‘The future depends much less on the images we project ahead than on our capacity to repair relations and build relationships differently in the present.’ (Andreotti et al, 2023: 73. An invitation for further reading: Transformative Learning for a Sustainable Future . d’Abreu, C., Belgeonne, C., Bourn, D. and Hatley, J. (2025) ‘Transformative Learning for a Sustainable Future’. DERC Research Paper 24. London: UCL Institute of Education. Hospicing Modernity: facing humanity’s wrongs and the implications for social activism. Machado de Oliveira Andreotti, V. (2021a) ‘Hospicing Modernity: facing humanity’s wrongs and the implications for social activism’ , London: Penguin Random House. Development Education and Hope . McCloskey, S. (2025). (ed) ‘Development Education and Hope’. ‘Policy and Practice: A Development Education Review’ , Vol. 41, Autumn. Centre for Global Education, Belfast. Link to and download the full reference list here
This summed up to me about why I volunteer for the Hands Up Project. HUP is a charity trust which, through its network of volunteers, connects children around the world with young people in Palestine. By means of online interaction, drama and storytelling activities, it enables the use of creativity and selfexpression to promote mutual understanding, personal growth, and the development of English language skills. I joined HUP in 2020 during COVID. After going to Palestine in 2017, I wanted to get more involved in working with Palestinian children in schools. HUP gave me the opportunity to link up with schools in the West Bank and Gaza. Every week I’d tell them stories from all over the world, then we’d discuss it, play games and I’d get them to retell it. Sometimes we would work from their coursebook English for Palestine’ in mutual team teaching sessions with their teacher. The simple act of telling a story became much more than entertainment. It became connection, healing, and a bridge to the world beyond their immediate reality to help them improve their language skills, and to give them a platform to speak about their lives in a language that connects them to people everywhere. I loved it, every week, seeing their smiling faces on the screen and building long lasting friendships with their teachers. I even went to Gaza in 2023 and met some of the kids I’d only seen on Zoom. It was a beautiful experience and something I will never forget. As hostilities escalated, I lost contact with everyone. I thought about where the kids were and what had happened to them. As I watched schools being bombed, universities flattened, and people killed in their thousands, I thought about where the kids I’d met were and what was happening to them. I kept in contact with many of the teachers I knew and heard daily news of displacement, destruction, hunger and bombing. Recently, I’ve started to link up again with children in Gaza, and it feels wonderful to be back helping them learn after being denied an education for over two years. Connecting with children in Palestine is more than just words. When a child in Palestine confidently tells their story to someone on the other side of the world, bridges are built, empathy grows, and the world gains a fuller picture of childhood in contexts far from peace and privilege. My work with these children is rooted in the belief that education and voice are inseparable. Through storytelling and English language learning, I witness children not just learning new vocabulary, but reclaiming their narratives, believing in their potential, and finding human connection in a world they perceive has abandoned them. And more than anything, this work reminds us all that children — everywhere — deserve to learn, to speak, and to be heard. Links to HUP information, books and resources: The Hands Up Project BY SUSAN PIPER Susan Piper is currently an ESOL teacher in Oldham, Greater Manchester and has worked in education for over 30 years. She is also a volunteer for the Hands Up Project and is the International Solidarity Officer and President of her NEU district. She believes in quality education for all and aims to make her lessons creative and inclusive so that effective language learning can take place.
